Water-cooling jacket



1948. E. F. ZjlMMERMAN 2,454,957 I WATER COOLING JACKET Filed Aug. 4, 1947 INVENTOR.

Patented Nov. 30, 1948 res WATER-CQOLING JACKET Ernest Fredrick Zimmerman, Orange, Calii, assignor of one-half to John R Filbert, Los Angeles, Calif.

Application August 4, 1947, Serial No. 765,871

4 Claims.

The present invention relates to projection lamps incorporating a novel electrode holder.

An object of the present invention is to provide an improved water-cooled projection lamp.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved projection lamp cooled in a novel manner to increase the electrode life, to flatten the field of the projected beam, to increase the amperage fiowing in the electrode, to increase the intensity of a light, to localize resistance variations and to maintain a full crater Without reducing penciling of the carbon electrode.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved projection lamp incorporating novel means whereby an electrode may be cooled in a more efficient manner, whereby its life may be increased.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an improved water-cooled electrode holder wherein means are provided for assuring a predetermined path of flow of cooling liquid adjacent the electrode whereby it may be cooled emciently.

Still a further object of the present invention is to provide an improved electrode holder through which a carbon electrode is fed, the housing for the holder having, as novel features, constructional details whereby electrode contact members may be conveniently maintained in place and with the interior of the housing so arranged that an emcient flow of cooling fluid is assured adjacent the electrode.

The features of the present invention which are believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. This invention itself, both as to its organization and manner of operation, together with further objects and advantages thereof, may be best understood by reference to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a sectional view of an improved water-cooled electrode holder embodying the present invention taken substantially on the line !i of Figure 2, and in addition shows the projection of flame and the other associated electrode.

Figure 2 is a View in front elevation of an improved electrode holder embodying the present invention.

Figure 3 is a view in elevation of the rear of the electrode holder shown in Figure 2 with the electrode contact members mounted in position.

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 with a 2 portion of the back broken away to show some of the internal structure.

The electrode holder is is of heavy hollow wall construction with a central opening ii therethrough, through which a carbon electrode 52 in rod form may be fed automatically at a predetermined rate by conventional mechanism (not shown) to cooperate with the other electrode is in the production of an electric are or flame 13a.

Current is fed to electrode E3 in conventional manner while electric current is conducted to the electrode 12 through a pair of brushes i i, l5 having electrical leads Ni, ii, respectively, of the same electrical potential or voltage connected thereto.

These brushes l4, l5 are'mounted for sliding guided movement in the rectangular shaped reentrant portion it in the back of the holder it] and are pressed into engagement with the brushes 14, It by coil tension spring is having one of its ends connected to the pivotally mounted pressure plate 29 and the other one of its ends connected to the pressure plate 2!. These pressure plates 20; 2t abut the electrode terminals 22, 23, respectively, and are mounted on corresponding shafts 2d, 25, forming a part of the projection machine. It is noted that the spring l9 tends to rotate the pressure plates 29, H in the direction indicated respectively by arrows 26, El.

While the pressure plate operated mechanism 20, 2!, 24, 25, I9 forms per se no part of the present invention, the improved electrode holder is such that the holder it has the reentrant edges 39, M within which the mechanism 20, 24 and 2|, 25 may be recessed.

Thus the brushes i l, :5 are so disposed on the holder I0 that they may be conveniently replaced by pulling the pressure plates 29, 2| away from one another against the action of spring l9 and sliding the old and new brushes l i', iii in place.

The front face of holder ill may be provided with an annular nose 32 upon which the special fire shield 33 of brass may be fastened by set screws 34.

Of importance is the fact that the electrode holder i6 is water cooled and the manner in which a flow of water travels in a predetermined circuitous path emciently extracts heat from the region when the carbon electrode l2 passes through the central cylindrical portion 35 of holder iii.

Cooling fluid such as "water is arranged to enter at the bottom of the holder through the tapped cylindrical opening 36 whose axis, for an important purpose, is at an acute angle with respect to the inner face 31, upon which the enterin water impinges. Further, the face 31 is inclined upwardly and forwardly to direct the stream of water to the critically heated cylindrical portion. As a result of the angularity of opening 36 and the angularity of the face 31, the entering water swirls around the cylindrical heated portion 35 in the path indicated by the arrows 40 in Figure 4 before it leaves out of the outlet opening 39 which is preferably on the same side of the cylindrical portion 35 as is the inlet opening 36.

Because of this swirling action around the cylindrical portion 35 heat is efficiently extracted by the cooling liquid and for that reason the holder need not be as large as is otherwise the case. This eificient extraction of heat results in increased electrode life although the amperage through the electrode is maintained at a high level because of the prevention of penciling, and resistance variations therein are localized in the arc itself. Thus, a full electrode crater is maintained with the result that the field of the projected beam is flat.

The holder described herein may he of the type arranged to support, for example, a 13.6 millimeter carbon electrode, although it is understood it may he made in other sizes to support, for example, a 16 millimeter carbon electrode.

The holder Ill may be fastened in place by many different expedients; for example, it may be supported by fastening bolts passing through the cylindrical fluid-tight openings extending therethrough from the front face 31 to the rear face 34.

The openings 45 result as a result of the casting operation by which the hollow heavy wall holder in is made and are plugged when the holder is in use.

As an example of the uses to which the present holder may be put, the holder may be incorporated in a model A Brenkert type of projection lamp or in super high-intensity lamps.

While I prefer to introduce cooling fluid through the opening 36, it is apparent that if desired the direction of cooling fluid may be reversed, i. e., the coolin fluid may be introduced through the opening 39 so that it may also impinge on the front face 31.

While I have shown and described the particular embodiments of the present invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from this invention in its broader aspects and, therefore, the aim in the appended claims is to cover all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of this invention.

Iclaim:

1. An electrode holder of hollow wall construc tion arranged for the passage therethrough of cooling fluid, said holder having a central position through which an electrode is arranged to pass, said holder having a fluid inlet opening with a wall adjacent thereto to direct a stream of cooling fluid around said central position with a swirling movement.

2. The arrangement set forth in claim 1 with a reentrant portion in said holder adjacent said central portion arranged to slidably guide at least one brush into engagement with said electrode.

3. An electrode holder of hollow Wall construction arranged for the passage therethrough of cooling fluid, said holder having a central position through which an electrode is arranged to pass, said holder having a fluid inlet opening with a wall adjacent thereto to direct a stream of cooling fluid around said central position with a swirling movement, with a reentrant portion in said holder adjacent said central portion arranged to slidably guide at least one brush into engagement with said electrode, and with a pair of reentrant edges for disposition therein of spring biased mechanism arranged to press oppositely disposed brushes in said reentrant portion into engagement with said electrode.

4. An electrode holder of hollow wall construction arranged for the passage therethrough of cooling fluid, said holder having a central portion through which an electrode is arranged to pass to the front face thereof, a cooling fluid cylindrical opening extending through the back face of said holder to direct a stream of cooling fluid against the front face, the axis of said cylindrical opening being at an acute angle with respect to the plane of said front face, and said front face extendin upwardly and forwardly to said central portion to produce swirling of cooling fluid around said central portion.

ERNEST FREDRICK ZIMMERMAN.

No references cited. 

